Intrinsic characteristic classes of a local Lie group (Q616627)

Let \(M\) be a differential manifold with \(\dim M\geq 2\) let \(p,q\in M\) and \(j_k(f)^{p,q}\) the \(k\)--jet of a local diffeomorphism \(f\) with \(f(p)=q\). Let \(\mathcal{U}_k^{p,q}\) the set of all \(k\)--jets form \(p\) to \(q\) and set \(\mathcal{U}_k=\cup_{p,q\in M}\mathcal{U}_k^{p,q}\). The authors study the cohomology of such a structure. More precisely the authors describe in detail the two sets \(\mathcal{U}_0\) and \(\mathcal{U}_1\). First the authors compute the Spencer bracket (a generalization of the Poisson bracket) on sections of the algebroid of \(\mathcal{U}_1\). Then they construct a parallelism on \(M\) as a geometric structure defined by a splitting \(\epsilon\) of the groupoid projection from \(\mathcal{U}_1\) to \(\mathcal{U}_0\). To such a splitting there are associated two curvatures denoted in the paper \(\widetilde{\mathcal{R}}(\epsilon)\), \(\widehat{\mathcal R}(\epsilon)\). The authors show that only the first one is necessarily zero. Using the Spencer bracket the authors further construct a closed \(1\)--form \(\omega_1\) in the algebroid cohomology of section of the algebroid of \(\mathcal{U}_1\), and consider a restriction \(w_1\) of such an 1--form. Such a new 1--form has the remarkable property that \(dw_1= Tr\widehat{\mathcal{R}}(\epsilon)\) and since the authors are able to prove that \(\widehat{\mathcal{R}}(\epsilon)\) is zero if and only if \(M\) is a local Lie group in this case in cohomology the left problem is to understand the obstruction to its exactness. Moreover by means of a third curvature it is shown that if \(w_1\) is not zero in the first cohomology group then \(M\) is not globalizable. In the last section the authors study higher order analogs of \(\omega_1\) and \(w_1\). Showing in an interesting example that in general the nonvanishing of such cohomology classes is not an obstruction to globalizability.