Self-similarity in homogeneous stationary and evolution problems (Q6168196)

The authors of this paper investigate the self-similarity properties related to linear elliptic and evolutionary problems involving homogeneous operators in several spaces including measures. They employ these techniques to analyse in particular \(2m\)th-order diffusion equations and the associated fractional problems. Homogenous operators are those that interact in a special form with the dilations of functions in \(\mathbb{R}^N\), defined by \[ \phi_R(x)=\phi(Rx),\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^N,\ R>0. \] An operator \(L\) with domain \(\mathrm{D}(L)\) in a Banach space \(X\) of functions or distributions which is invariant by rescaling is homogeneous of degree \(\sigma \in \mathbb{R}\) if \[ L(\phi_R)=R^\sigma(L\phi)_R,\quad \phi\in\mathrm{D}(L),\ R>0. \] In fact, the operator semigroup \((S(t))_{t\geq0}\) serving as the solution of the equation \(u_t+Lu=0\), \(t\geq0\), is homogenous of degree \(\sigma\), i.e., for all \(t > 0\), \(R > 0\) and \(\phi \in X\), one has \[ S(t)\phi_R=(S(R^\sigma t)\phi)_R. \] The authors analyse these types of semigroups and resolvent operators. Among others, the authors investigate \(2m\)-order parabolic equations as well as Ornstein-Uhlenbeck-type semigroups.