Nilpotent probability of compact groups (Q6169047)

Let \(G\) be a compact (Hausdorff) group and put \[ \mathcal{N}_k=\{(x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1})\in G^{k+1}\mid[x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1}]=1\}. \] The Haar measure of \(\mathcal{N}_k\) in \(G^{k+1}\) is denoted by \textbf{np}\(_k(G)\). The paper deals with the case in which \textbf{np}\(_k(G)>0\) or, in other words, with the case in which the probability that \(k+1\) randomly chosen elements \(x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1}\) of \(G\) satisfy \([x_1,\ldots,x_{k+1}]=1\) is strictly greater than \(0\). The main result of the paper is the following. {Theorem 1.2}. Let \(G\) be a compact group with \textbf{np}\(_k(G)>0\). Then the connected component \(G^0\) of \(G\) is abelian and there exists a closed normal nilpotent subgroup \(N\) of class at most \(k\) such that \(G^0N\) is open in \(G\).