Melnikov analysis in a cubic system with a multiple line of critical points (Q6170097)

In this paper, the authors consider the following system \[ \dot x=-y(1+x)^2-\epsilon P_0(x, y)-\epsilon^2 P_1(x, y), \quad \dot y=x(1+x)^2+\epsilon Q_0(x, y)-\epsilon^2 Q_1(x, y), \] where \(\epsilon\) is small, \(P_0, P_1, Q_0, Q_1\) are polynomials of degree \(2\). By using the traditional algorithm, the authors obtain the first fourth Melnikov functions \(M_k(h)\), \(1\leq k\leq 4\) and \(M_k(h)\) has at most \(2, 3, 3, 5\) zeros respectively, taking into account their multiplicities. These upper bounds can be reached.