Representations via differential algebras and equationally Noetherian algebras (Q6170779)

Let \(V\) be a variety of (universal) algebras, and let \(F_m\) be the free algebra in \(V\) in the free generators \(x_1, \dots, x_m\). If \(A\in V\) set \(B=A\sqcup_V F_m\) the free product in \(V\) of \(A\) and \(F_m\). There are canonical identifications of \(A\) and of \(F_m\) in \(B\). Hence every \(f=f(x_1,\ldots,x_m)\in B\) can be viewed as a function \(f\colon A^m\to A\) in a canonical way. When \(S\subseteq B\) one defines \(Z(S)\) to be the set of the zeroes of \(S\) in \(A^m\) in the natural way. The sets \(Z(S)\) define the Zariski topology on \(A^m\). An algebra \(A\) is equationally Noetherian (eN) whenever \(A^m\) is Noetherian relative to the Zariski topology, for every \(m\). It is well known that if \(A\) is eN then subalgebras of \(A\), direct powers of \(A\), free algebras in the variety defined by \(A\), algebras in the quasi variety defined by \(A\), are all eN. Clearly fields, and more generally, domains are eN. Unital Noetherian rings are eN, as well as polynomial rings over eN associative and commutative unital algebras \(R\). The authors prove that in the latter case, if \(A\) is a f.g. free \(R\)-module then \(A\) is eN algebra over \(R\). Thus they are able to produce a large list of eN algebras. For example algebras of generic matrices, free algebras in the variety of associative algebras defined by the identity \([x_1,x_2]\cdots [x_{2n-1},x_{2n}]\), free algebras in the variety \(N_pA\) of Lie algebras, are all eN. The authors extend these notions to differential algebras. Moreover they prove that free algebras in the varieties of algebras generated by the Witt algebra \(W_n\), the left-symmetric Witt algebra \(L_n\), the symplectic Poisson algebra \(P_n\), can be viewed as subalgebras of differential polynomial algebras with certain products. The main result of the paper states that the algebras \(W_n\), \(L_n\), \(P_n\), are eN, as well as the free algebras in the varieties generated by these algebras.