Hilbert squares of degeneracy loci (Q6170892)

In the paper, the authors study the Hilbert square of the first degeneracy locus of a morphism of vector bundles corresponding to a general matrix of linear forms in \(\mathbb{P}^s\) and they prove that it is isomorphic to the zero locus of a global section of an irreducible homogeneous vector bundle on a product of Grassmannians. Let \(\phi: \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^s}^{\oplus n+m} \rightarrow \mathcal{O}_{\mathbb{P}^s}^{\oplus n}\) be a general morphism of vector bundles and let \(M\) be the \(n\times (n+m)\) associated matrix of homogeneous linear forms \[ M = \begin{pmatrix} f_1^1 & \dots & f^1_{n+m} \\ f_2^1 & \dots & f^2_{n+m} \\ \vdots & \ddots & \vdots \\ f_1^n & \dots & f_{n+m}^n \end{pmatrix}. \] The space \(S_{n,s,m}\), given by the points where the maximal minors of \(M\) vanish, is the the first degeneracy locus of \(\phi\) or, in other words, \[ S_{n,s,m} = \{ [v]\in \mathbb{P}^s \vert \operatorname{rank}M_v\leq n-1 \}, \] where \(M_v\) is the evaluation of \(M\) at the point \(v\). Its Hilbert square \(\operatorname{Hilb}^2 (S_{n,s,m})\) is the Hilbert scheme of two points on \(S_{n,s,m}\). Let \(G_{n,s,m}\) be the product of Grassmannians \[ G_{n,s,m}= \operatorname{Gr}(2,n) \times \operatorname{Gr}(2,s+1) \times \operatorname{Gr}(n+m-2, n+m), \] where \(\operatorname{Gr}(k,n)\) is the Grassmannian of \(k\)-dimensional vector spaces inside \(V_n\), an \(n\)-dimensional \(\mathbb{C}\)-vector space. Inside \( G_{n,s,m} \), consider the space \(Z_{n,s,m}= V(\omega) \) which is the zero scheme of the natural global section \(\omega \in \operatorname{H}^0(G_{n,s,m} ,\ \mathcal{U}^\vee \boxtimes \mathcal{U}^\vee \boxtimes \mathcal{U}^\vee )\) associated to \(M\), defined by \[ \omega: V_n \times V_{s+s} \times V_{n+m} \rightarrow \mathbb{C}, \quad (a,u,b) \mapsto a^t \cdot M_u \cdot b, \] where, with the same letter \(\mathcal{U}\), is denoted the tautological (sub)bundle of each Grassmannian. The main result of the paper is that for \(n\geq 3 \), \(m\geq 0\), \(s \in \{ m+2,\dots 2m+3 \}\) and \(n>2s-2m-3\), there is an isomorphism of schemes \[ Z_{n,s,m} \cong \operatorname{Hilb}^2 (S_{n,s,m}). \] The authors provide in the paper an explicit construction of the isomorphism. They also provide, at the end of the paper, some geometric examples of varieties arising as degeneracy loci where the main theorem can be applied, among which they include the Generalised Bordiga Scrolls over \(\mathbb{P}^2\) and the White varieties.