Global existence and analyticity of \(L^p\) solutions to the compressible fluid model of Korteweg type (Q6173693)

The Navier-Stokes-Korteweg system of the form \[ \begin{split} \partial_t \rho + \operatorname{div}(\rho u) & = 0,\\ \partial_t(\rho u) + \operatorname{div}(\rho u \otimes u) + \nabla P(\rho) &= \mathcal A u + \operatorname{div} K(\rho) \end{split} \] with unknowns \(\rho\) and \(u\) is considered over a time-space \([0,\infty)\times \mathbb R^d\), \(d\geq 3\). The viscosity term \(\mathcal A u\) is given as \(\mathcal A u = \operatorname{div}(2\mu D(u)) + \nabla (\lambda\operatorname{div} u)\), where \(\lambda>0\) and \(\lambda + 2\mu >0\), and these coefficients are density-dependent. The Korteweg term is given as \[\operatorname{div}K(\rho) = \nabla \left(\rho \kappa(\rho)\Delta \rho + \frac 12 (\kappa(\rho) + \rho \kappa'(\rho))|\nabla \rho|^2\right) - \operatorname{div}(\kappa(\rho)\nabla \rho \otimes \nabla \rho) \] where \(\kappa\) represents the capillarity coefficient. Setting \(\kappa\) to zero reduces the system to the usual compressible Navier-Stokes equation. The main theorem of this paper states the global-in-time existence of a solution \((a,m)\) whose \(E_T^{p,q}\)-norm is controlled. Here \(a = (\rho - \rho^*)/\rho^*\), \(m =\rho u/\rho^*\) and \(\rho^*>0\) is a reference density. Further, \[ \|(a,m)\|_{E_T^{p,q}} = \|(\nabla a, m)\|_{\tilde L^\infty_T(\dot B^{\frac dp - 1,\frac dq -3}_{(p,1),(q,\infty)})} + \|(\nabla a, m)\|_{\tilde L^\infty_T(\dot B^{\frac dp + 1,\frac dq -1}_{(p,1),(q,\infty)})}, \] The existence is obtained under the assumption, among others, that \(\rho^*\) is a critical point of pressure, and the initial data \(a_0\) and \(m_0\) are small in a certain Besov norm.