On the largest prime factor of non-zero Fourier coefficients of Hecke eigenforms (Q6177653)

Let \(\tau\) be the Ramanujan tau function which is a cusp form of weight \(12\) and level \(1\) and define its Fourier coefficients by \(\tau(n)\). Denote the largest prime factor of \(\tau(p^{2n})\) by \(P(\tau(p^{2n}))\). In the paper under review, the authors show that for any \(\varepsilon >0 \) and integer \(n \geq 1\) \[ P(\tau(p^{2n})) > (\log p)^{\frac{1}{8}} (\log \log p)^{\frac{3}{8}-\varepsilon} \] for almost all primes \(p\). Furthermore, if \(q=P(2n+1)\) is sufficiently large, then the set of primes \(p\) such that \[ P(\tau(p^{2n})) > q^{-\varepsilon} (\log p)^{\frac{1}{8}} (\log \log p)^{\frac{3}{8}} \] has positive lower density. The proof is the main result follows from symmetric powers of a Galois representation attached to Ramanujan Delta function and divisibility properties of cyclotomic polynomials.