Approximation via gradients on the ball. The Zernike case (Q6178629)

The authors consider the inner product \[ \langle f,g\rangle_{\nabla,\mu}=f(0)g(0)+\lambda\int_{\mathcal{B}^d}\nabla f(x)\cdot\nabla g(x) W_{\mu}(x)dx \] on the unit ball \( \mathcal{B}^d \) in \( \mathbb{R}^d \) with normalizing factor \( \lambda>0 \) and \( W_{\mu}(x)=(1-\Vert x\Vert^2)^{\mu}\), \(\mu\geq 0 \). They determine an explicit orthogonal polynomial basis and deduce relations between the partial Fourier sums in terms of those polynomials and the partial Fourier sums in terms of the classical ball polynomials. Approximation properties of the Fourier series in the corresponding Sobolev space are studied, and numerical examples are given.