On the irreducible carpets of additive subgroups of type \(F_4 \) (Q6179780)

The paper under review studies irreducible carpets of type \( F_{4} \) over an algebraic field extension of a field \(R\) such that all members of the carpet are \(R\)-modules. More precisely, let \(\Phi\) be a reduced indecomposable root system of rank \(l\) and let \( \Phi ( K ) \) be the Chevalley group of type \(\Phi\) over a field \(K\). The group \( \Phi ( K ) \) is generated by its root subgroups \( x_{r} ( K ) = \{ x_{r} ( t ): t\in K\}, r\in \Phi\), that are isomorphic to the additive group of \(K\). According to \textit{V. M. Levchuk}'s terminology borrowed from [Math. Notes 31, 259--267 (1982; Zbl 0496.20037); Algebra Logic 22, No. 5, 362--371 (1983; Zbl 0668.20037)], a carpet of type \(\Phi\) of rank \(l\) over \(K\) is a set of additive subgroups \(\mathfrak{A} = \{ \mathfrak{A}_{r}: r\in \Phi \} \) of \(K\) such that \( C_{ij, rs}\mathfrak{A}_{r}^{i}\mathfrak{A}_{s}^{j}\subseteq \mathfrak{A}_{ir + js}\), \(r, s, ir + js\in \Phi\), \(i, j> 0 \), where \( \mathfrak{A}_{r}^{i} = \{ a^{i} : a\in\mathfrak{A}_{r} \} \) and the constants \( C_{ij, rs} = \pm 1, \pm 2, \pm 3 \) are defined by the Chevalley commutator formulas \( [ x_{s} ( u ), x_{r} ( t ) ] = \prod_{i, j>0} x_{ir + js} ( C_{ij, rs} ( - t )^{i}u^{j} )\), \(r, s, ir + js\in \Phi \). (Another name for the notion of carpet is net; see for instance, [\textit{Z. I. Borevich}, J. Sov. Math. 17, 1718--1730 (1981; Zbl 0461.20027)]). Every carpet \(\mathfrak{A}\) of type \(\Phi\) over \(K\) defines the carpet subgroup \( \Phi ( \mathfrak{A} ) = \langle x_{r} ( \mathfrak{A}_{r} ) : r\in\Phi \rangle \) of the Chevalley group \( \Phi ( K ) \), where \(\langle M\rangle\) denotes the subgroup generated by a subset \(M\) of \( \Phi ( K ) \). A carpet \(\mathfrak{A}\) is called closed provided that its carpet subgroup \( \Phi ( \mathfrak{A} ) \) contains no new root elements, i. e., \( \Phi ( \mathfrak{A} )\cap x_{r} ( K ) = x_{r} ( \mathfrak{A}_{r} )\), \(r\in \Phi \). A carpet \(\mathfrak{A}\) is irreducible if all \( \mathfrak{A}_{r} \) are non-zero. The main result of the paper sounds as follows. {Theorem.} Let \(\mathfrak{A} = \{ \mathfrak{A}_{r}: r\in \Phi \} \) be an irreducible carpet of type \( F_{4} \) over an algebraic field extension \(K\) of a field \(R\) such that all additive subgroups \(\mathfrak{A}_{r}\) of \(K\) are \(R\)-modules. Then, up to conjugation by a diagonal element, for all \( r\in \Phi\) either \( \mathfrak{A}_{r} = P \), where \(P\) is a subfield of \(K\) or \( \operatorname{char}K = 2 \) and \[ \mathfrak{A}_{r} = \begin{cases} P, & \mbox{if \(r\) is a short root}, \\ Q, & \mbox{if \(r\) is a long root} \end{cases} \] for two distinct subfields \(P\) and \(Q\) of \(K\) such that \( P^{2}\subseteq Q\subseteq P \). Furthermore, \(\mathfrak{A}\) is closed.