Frölicher spectral sequence and Hodge structures on the cohomology of complex parallelisable manifolds (Q6185774)

We consider the Frölicher spectral sequence of a compact complex parallelisable manifold \(X=\Gamma\backslash G\). If the Frölicher spectral sequence of a compact complex manifold degenerates at the first page, then every holomorphic form is closed. By this fact, we can easily say that the Frölicher spectral sequence of \(X\) degenerates at the first page if and only if \(G\) is abelian. Hence, unlike compact Kähler manifolds, if \(G\) is not abelian \(X\) does not satisfy \(\partial\bar{\partial}\)-Lemma as in [\textit{P. Deligne} et al., Invent. Math. 29, 245--274 (1975; Zbl 0312.55011)]. The first result asserts the existence of a pure Hodge structure on the cohomology of these manifolds. Theorem A. If \(G\) is solvable, \(X\) is a page-\(1\)-\(\partial\bar\partial\) manifold. In the semisimple case, the situation is more subtle. Computations by Ghys [\textit{É. Ghys}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 468, 113--138 (1995; Zbl 0868.32023)] and Winkelmann [\textit{J. Winkelmann}, Mém. Soc. Math. Fr., Nouv. Sér. 72--73, 1--216 (1998; Zbl 0918.32015)] show that for \(G=\operatorname{SL}_2(\mathbb{C})\), there exist lattices \(\Gamma,\Gamma'\subseteq G\) s.t. \(\Gamma\backslash G\) is page-\(1\)-\(\partial\bar{\partial}\) and \(\Gamma'\backslash G\) is not. Building on work of Akhiezer, we give a conceptual explanation of this phenomenon. Suppose \(G\) is semi-simple. Take a maximal compact subgroup \(K\subset G\). Denote by \(\mathfrak{g}\) and \(\mathfrak{k}\) the Lie algebra of \(G\) and \(K\) respectively. Then, associated with the locally symmetric space \(Y=\Gamma\backslash G/K\), we have the canonical injection \(H^{k}(\mathfrak{g};\mathfrak{k},\mathbb{C})\hookrightarrow H^{k}(\Gamma,\mathbb{C})\) where \(H^{k}(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k},\mathbb{C})\) is the relative Lie algebra cohomology and \(H^{k}(\Gamma,\mathbb{C})\) is the group cohomology (see [\textit{W. Schmid}, Adv. Math. 41, 78--113 (1981; Zbl 0472.22003), Introduction] for instance). In general, this injection is not an isomorphism. Theorem B. Let \(G\) be semisimple. \begin{enumerate} \item[1.] The Frölicher spectral sequence of \(X\) degenerates at the second page. \item[2.] \(X\) is a page-\(1\)-\(\partial\bar\partial\) manifold if and only if \(H^{k}(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k},\mathbb{C})\cong H^{k}(\Gamma,\mathbb{C})\) for any \(k\in \mathbb{Z}\). \end{enumerate} In view of Theorems A and B, it appears natural to make the following: Conjecture. For any compact complex parallelisable manifold \(X\), the Frölicher spectral sequence degenerates at the second page. Apart from the results in this article, indication that this might hold is given by [\textit{F. Lescure}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 527, 37--68 (2000; Zbl 0958.32017)], where it is shown that \(d_2:E_2^{0,1}(X)\rightarrow E_2^{2,0}(X)\) always vanishes.