Convergence aspects for sets of measures with divergences and boundary conditions (Q6187179)

In this paper, subspaces of the space of Borel measures over a subset \(\Omega \subset R^{M}\) with (measure and functional) divergences, that can be characterized as directionally vanishing in parts of the boundary \(\partial \Omega\) are studied. Furthermore, the paper discusses convergence aspects of sets of measures whose total variations are bounded by non-negative measures. The paper applies the presented results to the optimization problem (P): \[ \min_\mu J(\mu) := \frac{1}{p} \int_\Omega |\operatorname{div} \mu(x) - f(x)|^p dx + \int_\Omega \beta(x)d |\mu|(x), \] such that \( \mu \in M_{\Gamma}^{p}(\Omega ; \operatorname{div}),\;\; |\mu| \le \alpha \) for \(\alpha \in M^{+}(\Omega),\;\; f \in L^{p}(\Omega),\;\; 1 < p < \infty\) and \(\beta\) a non-negative continuous function. The paper proves that (P) admits solutions and establishes the first stability results for such optimization problems. The investigations in the paper are motivated by modeling growing sandpiles or the process of forming a network of lakes and rivers based on a given relief of the Earth.