Asymptotic behavior and zero distribution of Carleman orthogonal polynomials (Q619048)

Let \(L\) be an analytic Jordan curve and let \(\{P_n(z)\}^\infty_{n=0}\) be the sequence of polynomials that are orthonormal with respect to the area measure over the interior of \(L\). A well-known result of Carleman states both \[ \lim_{n\to\infty} {P_n(z)\over \sqrt{(n+1)/\pi}[\phi(x)]^n}= \phi'(z).\tag{1} \] Locally uniformly on a certain open neighborhood of the closed exterior of \(L\), where \(\phi\) is the canonical conformal map of the exterior of \(L\) onto the exterior of the unit circle. In this paper the authors extend the validity of (1) to a maximal open set, every boundary point of which is an accumulation point of the zeros of the \(P_n\)'s. Some consequences on the limiting distribution of the zeros are discussed, and the results are illustrated with two concrete examples and numerical computations.