Max Noether's theorem for singular curves (Q6201280)

Let \(C\) be a non-hyperelliptic curve defined over an algebraically closed field, and \(\omega_{C}\) be its dualizing sheaf. If \(C\) is smooth, Max Noether proved that the natural map \[ \mathrm{Sym}^nH^0(C,\omega_{C})\longrightarrow H^0(C,\omega_{C}^n) \] is surjective for any positive integer \(n\). The main theorem of the article under review is a generalization of Noether's celebrated result, showing that his theorem holds if \(C\) is complete and integral, and not necessary smooth. Notably, the proof provided in this work offers a simpler approach compared to the one presented by \textit{A. Contiero} et al. [J. Algebra 494, 111--136 (2018; Zbl 1386.14112)]. In particular, they use a clever argument comparing the global sections of the sheaves \(\omega_{C}\) and \(\pi_*(\omega_{\tilde C})\), where \(\pi\colon \tilde C\rightarrow C\) is a desingularization of some non-Gorenstein point. The second section of the article delves into a characterization of non-hyperelliptic curves, connecting Rosenlicht's Theorem (which asserts that \(C\) is birational to its canonical model) with Green's Conjecture regarding the \((0,2)\)-th Koszul cohomology. In the last section, the authors discuss a different proof of Noether's theorem for curves with bibranch non-Gorenstein points at worse. They undertake an analysis of the local ring \(\mathcal{O}_P\), where \(P\in C\) is singular, and apply the results from \textit{V. Barucci} et al. [Commun. Algebra 28, No. 8, 3607--3633 (2000; Zbl 0964.13013)].