Integrable geodesic flows and metrisable second-order ordinary differential equations (Q6204241)

The authors study second-order ordinary differential equations that describe geodesic flows of Riemannian metrics on 2-surfaces: \[ \frac{d^2y}{dx^2} = A_3(x,y) p^3 + A_2(x,y) p^2 + A_1(x,y) p + A_0(x,y), \ \ p = \frac{dy}{dx}, \tag{1} \] where the coefficients \(A_i\) are connected with a special relations, which follow form the equations of geodesics (such equations are called metrisable). The authors focus their attention on special classes of equations (1). They classify all autonomous equations (1) possessing autonomous first integrals that are fractional-quadratic in the first derivative and construct all the families of integrable geodesic flows related to such equations. They also study the inverse problem and find novel families of second-order equations (1) that are related to integrable geodesic flows and present the first integrals of such equations. Finally, they find the general structure of metrisable equations related to conformal Riemannian metrics.