Composition operators on noncommutative Hardy spaces (Q621832)

Let \(B(\mathcal H)\) be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space \(\mathcal H\). The algebra \(H_{\mathbf{ball}}\) of free holomorphic functions on the open operatorial \(n\)-ball of radius one is defined as the set of all power series \(\sum_{\alpha\in\mathbb F^+_n}a_{\alpha}Z^{\alpha}\) with complex coefficients \(a_\alpha\) and radius of convergence \(\geq 1\). \(\mathbb F^+_n\) denotes the free semigroup with \(n\) generators \(g_1,\dots,g_n\) and the identity \(g_0\). The length \(|\alpha|\) is defined in a standard way. If \(\alpha=g_{i_1}\dots g_{i_k}\) and \((X_1,\dots,X_n)\in B({\mathcal H})^n\), we denote \(X_\alpha=X_{i_1}\dots X_{i_k}\) and \(X_{g_0}=I_{\mathcal H}\). A free holomorphic function on the open ball \[ \left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1=\left\{(X_1,\dots,X_n)\in B({\mathcal H})^n: \|X_1X_1^*+\dots+X_nX_n^*\|^{1/2}<1\right\}, \] is the representation of \(f\in H_{\mathbf{ball}}\) on the Hilbert space \(\mathcal H\), i.e., the map \[ \left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1\ni (X_1,\dots,X_n)\mapsto f(X_1,\dots,X_n)= \sum_{k=0}^\infty\sum_{|\alpha|=k} a_\alpha X_\alpha\in B({\mathcal H}), \] where convergence is in the operator norm topology. The free holomorphic function is identified with its representation on a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space. If \(f: \left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1\rightarrow B({\mathcal H})\) and \(\varphi: \left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1\rightarrow \left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1\) are free holomorphic functions, then \(f\circ \varphi\) is a free holomorphic function defined on \(\left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1\) by \[ (f\circ \varphi)(X_1,\dots,X_n)=\sum_{k=0}^\infty\sum_{|\alpha|=k} a_\alpha \varphi(X_1,\dots,X_n), \] where convergence is in the operator norm topology. The noncommutative Hardy space \(H^2_{\mathbf{ball}}\) is the Hilbert space of all free holomorphic functions on \(\left[B({\mathcal H})^n\right]_1\) of the form \[ f(X_1,\dots,X_n)= \sum_{k=0}^\infty\sum_{|\alpha|=k} a_\alpha X_\alpha, \quad \sum_{\alpha\in{\mathbb F}^+_n}|\alpha|^2<1, \] with the inner product \(\langle f,g\rangle=\sum_{k=0}^\infty\sum_{|\alpha|=k} a_\alpha\overline{b}_\alpha\), where \(g= \sum_{k=0}^\infty\sum_{|\alpha|=k} b_\alpha X_\alpha\) is another free holomorphic function in \(H^2_{\mathbf{ball}}\). The paper is devoted to study the composition operator \(C_\varphi f=f\circ \varphi\) on the Hardy space \(H^2_{\mathbf{ball}}\). The author treats, in the realm of the free holomorphic functions, the following topics: the Littlewood subordination principle, estimates for the norm of \(C_\varphi\), similarity to contractions, Wolff's theorem, compactness, Schröder type equation, and composition operators on Fock spaces associated to noncommutative varieties. The obtained results are counterparts of theorems in the classical theory of composition operators.