An isoperimetric deficit upper bound of the convex domain in a surface of constant curvature (Q625811)

Let \(X _{\epsilon} \) denote a two-dimensional complete space of constant curvature \(\epsilon\), that is, the Euclidean plane for \(\epsilon =0\); the projective plane for \(\epsilon >0\); the hyperbolic plane for \(\epsilon <0\). Let \(K\) be a convex domain in \(X _{\epsilon} \), \(A(K)\) and \(L(K)\) denote the area of \(K\) and the length of the boundary of \(K\), respectively. The quantity \[ \Delta (K)=L^2-4 \pi A+\epsilon A^2 \] is called the isoperimetric deficit of \(K\). Via the formulas of Blaschke and Poincaré in integral geometry, the authors obtain the analog of Bottema's isoperimetric deficit upper limit of \(K\). The equality sign holds if and only if \(K\) is a geodesic disk.