Additive bases arising from functions in a Hardy field (Q626035)

The classical Waring problem has several generalizations. For (integral-valued) polynomial summands, cf. \textit{K. Ford} [J.\ Lond.\ Math.\ Soc., II. Ser. 61, No. ~3, 671--680 (2000; Zbl 0964.11044)]. \; \textit{B. I. Segal} [Trav. Inst. Phys.-Math. Stekloff 5, 73--86 (1934; Zbl 0009.29905)] proved that, for any fixed positive \textit{real} number \(c\), the sequence \([1^c], [2^c],\dots\) of integer parts of \(c^{\text{th}}\) powers is an asymptotic basis. For the order of this basis, see \textit{J.-M. Deshouillers} [Bull.\ Soc.\ Mat.\ France 101, 285--295 (1973; Zbl 0292.10038)], \textit{G. I. Arkhipov} and \textit{A. N. Zhitkov} [Izv.\ Akad.\ Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 48, No. ~6, 1138--1150 (1984; Zbl 0568.10027); Math.\ USSR Izv.\ 25, 443--454 (1985; Zbl 0586.10028)]. In the paper under review the authors are interested in sequences of the form \([f(1)], [f(2)],\dots\) when \(f\) is a smooth positive function such that \(f(x)\to \infty\) as \(x\to \infty\), further \(f\) grows no faster than a polynomial: {\parindent=7mm \begin{itemize}\item[(1)]\(f(x) \ll (| x| +1)^k\) for some \(k\in \mathbb{N}\), finally \(f\) is far away from rational polynomials in the sense that \item[(2)]\(\lim_{x\to \infty} | f(x)-g(x)| =\infty\) for all \(g(x)\in \mathbb{Q}[x]\). \end{itemize}} Consider germs of functions, i.e., equivalence classes of functions where two functions are equivalent if they are equal in a neighbourhood of \(\infty\). A subring of the ring of all germs of continuous functions is said to be a Hardy field if it is a field and is also closed with respect to differentiation. Given an element \(f\) satisfying (1) and (2) from a Hardy field, the authors consider a suitable translation defined on \([1, \infty)\) and prove that the sequence \([f(n)], n=1, 2,\dots\) is an asymptotic basis.