Necessary and sufficient conditions for unit graphs to be Hamiltonian (Q627405)

Given an associative ring \(R\), the unit graph \(G(R)\) has the elements of \(R\) as the vertices and vertices \(x\) and \(y\) are adjacent if \(x + y\) is a unit of \(R\). The following summary result is proved about associative rings and unit graphs. Theorem: Let \(R\) be a ring such that \(R \neq Z_2\) and \(R \neq Z_3\). Then the following are equivalent: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(a)] The unit graph \(G(R)\) is Hamiltonian. \item[(b)] The ring \(R\) cannot have \(Z_2 \times Z_3\) as a quotient. \item[(c)] The ring \(R\) is generated by its units. \item[(d)] The unit sum number of \(R\) is less than or equal to \(\omega\). \item[(e)] The unit graph \(G(R)\) is connected. \end{itemize}}