Some remarks on the Fefferman-Stein inequality (Q628371)

The author investigates the Fefferman-Stein inequality concerning a function \(f\) and its sharp maximal function \(f^{\#}\) on a Banach function space \(X\). That is, \(\|f\|_X\leq C\|f^{\#}\|_X\) for all measurable functions \(f\) on \(\mathbb R^n\), satisfying \(|\{x\in\mathbb R^n;\,|f(x)|>\lambda\}|<\infty\) \((\lambda >0)\). He shows that this inequality is equivalent to \(\int_{\mathbb R^n}Mf(x)|g(x)|\,dx\leq c\|f\|_{X'}\|Mg\|_X\) for \(f\in X'\) and \(g\in L_{\roman{loc}}^1(\mathbb R^n)\), where \(M\) is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator. The latter property is self-improving. He applies this result in several directions. One is about the existence of non-trivial spaces \(X\) for which the lower operator norm of \(M\) is equal to \(1\). Second one is concerning the weighted Fefferman-Stein inequality in the case of a weighted Lebesgue space \(X=L^p(\omega,\mathbb R^n)\). He obtains a new approach to the results of Sawyer and Yabuta concerning the \(C_p\) condition introduced by Muckenhoupt.