Some properties of multi-box splines (Q630492)

The authors generalize certain properties of multi-box splines. Multi-box splines have been introduced by T.N.T. Goodman as a generalization of box splines (introduced earlier by de Boor and Hollig). Their main advantage is the fact that they allow, for arbitrary \(n\), both stability and construction of arbitrary polynomials of degree \(n\). The authors consider the space \(S_n=S_n(v_0, \dots,v_{n+r})\) of compactly supported \(C^{n-1}\) piecewise polynomials (splines) on a mesh \(M\) of lines through points of \(\mathbb Z^2\) in directions \(v_0, \dots,v_{n+r}\). For \(\phi_1, \dots,\phi_s \in S_n\), the authors call \(\phi=(\phi_1,\dots,\phi_s)\) a local generator of \(S_n\) if every element of \(S_n\) can be written as a finite linear combination of integer translates of \(\phi\). The multi-box spline \(\phi\) is called stable if the shifts of the components of \(\phi\) form a Riesz basis in \(L^2(\mathbb R^2)\). In this paper, the authors provide conditions for the existence of a stable local generator for \(S_n\). The theorem presented in the paper implies that any multi-box spline is stable, and author show that its shifts are linearly independent. The authors study in great detail the piecewise constant multi-box splines. First of all, for piecewise constant multi-box splines (\(n=0\)) under assumption that \(v_0=(1,0)\) and \(v_1=(0,1)\) they obtained an explicit formula for a multi-box spline for any \(r\geq 1\) and arbitrary \(v_2, \dots, v_r\). They also show that any piecewise constant function on the mesh \(M\) such that its jump across any line in \(M\) can change only at points of \(\mathbb Z^2\) can be expressed as a (possibly infinite) linear combination of the shifts of \(\phi\). Further, the authors generalize these results for any \(n\geq 1\), provided that \(v_0=(1,0)\) and \(v_1=(0,1)\) and the conditions for stability of the local basis are satisfied. More precisely, they show that any \(C^{n-1}\) spline of degree \(n\) on \(M\) \((v_0, \dots,v_{n+r})\), satisfying the described above jump condition, can be written as a linear combination of shifts of any multi-box spline. In particular, any polynomial of degree \(n\) can be written as such combination. They also show that the shifts of any such multi-box spline are linearly independent in this case as well, the result not previously known even in the case of \(r=2\). The proofs are by inductions on \(n\).