On low eigenvalues of the Laplacian with mixed boundary conditions (Q630571)

Assume \(\Omega\) to be a bounded Lipschitz domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), \(\partial \Omega = \Gamma_0 \cup \Gamma_1\). The ``isoperimetric constant relative to \(\Gamma_1\)'' is: \(Q(\Gamma_1, \Omega) = \sup_{E \subset \mathcal{E}} \frac{|E|^{1-\frac{1}{n}}}{P_\Omega(E)}\), where \(P_\Omega (E)\) is the De Giorgi perimeter of \(E\) relative to \(\Omega\). Let \(A_\alpha\) be an open subset of \(\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\) such that the \(n-1\) dimensional Hausdorff measure, say \(H^{n-1}(A_\alpha) = \alpha\), \(\Sigma_\alpha\) be the open cone \(\{ tx \in \mathbb{R}^n: x \in A_\alpha \text{ \;and \;} t > 0\}\), \(\Sigma (\alpha, R) = B_R \cap \Sigma_\alpha\), where \(B_R\) is the ball in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) centered at the origin with radius \(R\), \(\tilde \Gamma_0 = \{ x \in \partial \Sigma(\alpha, R): |x| = R \}\), and \(\tilde \Gamma_1 = \partial \Sigma(\alpha, R) \backslash \tilde \Gamma_0\). It is known that for convex \(\Sigma(\alpha, R)\), \(Q(\tilde \Gamma_1, \Sigma(\alpha, R)) = (n \alpha_n^{1/n})^{-1}\) which is a maximum, where \(\alpha_n = \alpha/n = |\Sigma(\alpha, 1)|\). Conversely, if \(\alpha_n \in (0, \omega_n/2]\) with \(\omega_n = |B_1|\), then there is an \(\alpha\) such that \(Q(\tilde \Gamma_1, \Sigma(\alpha, 1)) = (n \alpha_n^{1/n})^{-1}\). The authors consider the eigenvalue problem for the Dirichlet-Neumann Laplacian \(-\bigtriangleup u = \lambda u\) in \(\Omega\), \(u = 0\) on \(\Gamma_0\), \(\frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu} = 0\) on \(\Gamma_1\), where \(\nu\) is the outward normal to \(\partial \Omega\), and \(\Omega\) satisfying \(H^{n-1}(\Gamma_0) > 0\), \(H^{n-1}(\Gamma_1) > 0\) and \(Q(\Gamma_1, \Omega) \leq (n \alpha_n^{1/n})^{-1}\) for some \(\alpha_n \in (0, \omega_n/2]\). The last inequality, not only an equality, enables the results to be applied to more general domain. Through the method of \(\alpha\)-symmetrization, the authors obtain various bounds for combination of the low eigenvalues and some sharp comparison results for the first eigenfunction in terms of Bessel functions.