Mazur-Tate elements of nonordinary modular forms (Q630630)

Let \(p\) be an odd prime and let \(f\) be a cuspidal eigenform of weight \(k\geq 2\) for \(\Gamma_0(N)\), with \(p\nmid N\). Assume that \(f\) is \(p\)-nonordinary. Then the \(p\)-adic \(L\)-function \(L_p(f)\) is not an Iwasawa function, so the usual \(\mu\) and \(\lambda\) invariants are not defined. When \(k=2\), Kurihara and Perrin-Riou constructed pairs \(\mu^{\pm}(f)\) and \(\lambda^{\pm}(f)\) by using Mazur-Tate elements \(\theta_n(f)\) in the \(p\)-adic group ring of the Galois group of the \(p^{n+1}\)st cyclotomic field. The main result of the paper is the following. Assume that \(\overline{\rho}_f\), the residual Galois representation attached to \(f\), is surjective with Serre weight 2, that \(2\leq k < p^2+1\), and that the restriction of \(\overline{\rho}_f\) to the decomposition group for \(p\) is not decomposable. Then there exists an eigenform \(g\in S_2(\Gamma_0(N))\) with \(a_{\ell}(f)\equiv a_{\ell}(g) \pmod p\) for all \(\ell\neq p\) and such that the following holds: If the restriction of \(\overline{\rho}_f\) to the decomposition group for \(p\) is reducible (equivalently, \(g\) is \(p\)-ordinary), then \(\mu(\theta_n(f))=0\) for all sufficiently large \(n\) if and only if \(\mu(g)=0\), in which case there is a formula for \(\lambda(\theta_n(f))\) in terms of \(\lambda(g)\). If the restriction of \(\overline{\rho}_f\) to the decomposition group for \(p\) is irreducible, then \(\mu(\theta_n(f))=0\) for all sufficiently large \(n\) if and only if \(\mu^{\pm}(g)=0\), in which case there is a formula for \(\lambda(\theta_n(f))\) in terms of \(\lambda^{\pm}(g)\). A similar result is proved when \(0<v_p(a_p(f))< p-1\) and no restrictions are placed on \(k\). The paper gives examples of strange behavior when both \(k\) and \(v_p(a_p(f))\) are large.