Fourteen moment theory for granular gases (Q631365)

The authors develop a fourteen moment theory for granular gases under the framework of the Boltzmann equation, where the full contracted moment of fourth order is added to the thirteen moments of mass density, velocity, the pressure tensor and the heat flux vector. The spatially homogeneous solutions of the fourteen moment theory implied into a time decay of the temperature field which follows closely Haff's law, besides the more accentuated time decays of the pressure deviator, the heat flux vector and the fourth moment. When the fourth moment remains constant in time, it can be identified by the coefficient \(a_2\) in the Chapman-Enskog solution of the Boltzmann equation. The authors obtain the laws of Navier-Stokes and Fourier by restricting to a five field theory and using a method akin to the Maxwellian procedure. Furthermore, they prove the dependence of the heat flux vector on the gradient of the particle number density due to the inclusion of the fourth moment. Moreover, they also study the dynamic behaviour of small local disturbances of the spatially homogeneous solutions caused by spontaneous internal fluctuations in the case of a thirteen field theory and show that, for longitudinal disturbances, there exist one hydrodynamic and four kinetic modes, while for transverse disturbances one hydrodynamic and two kinetic modes are present.