Inversion of regular analytic matrix functions: Local Smith form and subspace duality (Q636250)

The main novelty of the paper is the introduction of the local rank factorization (LRF) of matrix functions. The LRF is constructed by an algorithm whose inputs are the pairs \((A(z),u)\), where \(A(z)\) is a regular \(p\times p\) analytic matrix function in an open set \(U\subset \mathbb{C}\) and \(u\in U\). The iterations use the coefficients of the Taylor series expansion of \(A(z)\) about \(u\) and they involve matrix rank factorizations. The outputs of the algorithm are some full-column-rank matrices \(\alpha_j,\beta_j\in{\mathbb C}^{p\times r_j}\), some matrices \(F_{j,k}\in{\mathbb C}^{p\times p}\) and a vector of indices. The number of iterations \(\mu\) is called the index of the LRF of \(A(z)\) at \(u\). It is shown that the index of the LRF is equal to the order of the pole of the inverse matrix \(A^{-1}(z)\) at the point \(u\). A characterization is provided for the extended canonical systems of root functions of \(A(z)\) and \(B(z)\) in terms of the LRF of \(A(z)\) at \(u\in\sigma(A)\) (where \(B(z)\) is the reduced adjoint of \(A(z)\), i.e. where \(\text{adj}A(z)=d(z)B(z)\) and \(d(z)\) is the g.c.d. of the minors of order \(p-1\) of \(A(z)\)). It is shown that the local Smith forms of \(A(z)\) and \(B(z)\) are uniquely determined given the LRF and that the LRF delivers explicitly the partial multiplicities and the number of the partial multiplicities of a given value. A construction of a canonical set of Jordan chains and of the corresponding local Jordan pair is derived. Finally, the duality between the subspaces associated with the LRF of \(A(z)\) and \(B(z)\) is emphasized. An example illustrates the LRF algorithm and the related results.