One-sided \(L^p\) norm and best approximation in one-sided \(L^p\) norm (Q640286)

Let \(K\) be a compact subset of \(\mathbb{R}\), \(\mu\) a \(\sigma\)-finite positive measure and \(f\in L^p\), the space of all real functions whose \(p\)th power is integrable w.r.t. \(\mu\) on \(K\). For \(p\geq 1\), define \[ \| f\|_p= \max\Biggl\{\Biggl(\int_{f>0} |f|^p d\mu\Biggr)^{1/p},\;\Biggl(\int_{f< 0} |f|^p d\mu\Biggr)^{1/p}\Biggr\}. \] In this paper, it is shown that \(\|.\|_p\) defines a norm on \(L^p\), called the one-sided \(L^p\) norm. For a linear subspace \(V\) of \(L^p\) and \(f\in L^p\), a function \(u\in V\) is called a best approximant to \(f\) from \(V\) in the one-sided \(L^p\) norm if \(\| f-v\|_p\leq\| f-u\|_p\) for all \(u\in V\). The author proves some results on best approximation in the one-sided \(L^p\) norms. Characterization and uniqueness of best approximation have also been discussed in the paper.