\(\mathcal{C}^{2}\) surface diffeomorphisms have symbolic extensions (Q644768)

A symbolic extension \((Y,S)\) of a dynamical system \((X,T)\) is a shift transformation \(S\) on a shift space \(Y\) over a finite alphabet such that there is a continuous surjective \(\pi :Y\to X\) with \(T\circ\pi =\pi\circ S\). One defines the symbolic extension entropy of \(T\) as the infimum of the topological entopy of \(S\) over all symbolic extensions \((Y,S)\) of \((X,T)\). This has been studied by \textit{M.~Boyle} and \textit{T.~Downarowicz} [Invent. Math. 156, No. 1, 119--161 (2004; Zbl 1216.37004)]. In the present paper, \(C^{2}\) diffeomorphisms \(T\) on a surface are investigated. It is proved that \(T\) admits symbolic extensions. Furthermore, the author shows that the symbolic extension entropy of \(T\) is bounded from above by \[ h_{\text{top}}(T)+2\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{\log^{+}\|DT^{n}\|}{n}. \]