Linear independence of Parseval wavelets (Q648766)

In the paper, the problem of linear independence of the affine system generated by an \(L^2\) function, not necessarily being a frame wavelet, with the use of dilation and translation operators is considered. The main idea is to reduce the analysis of linear independence of an affine system to the analysis of linear independence of translates of an \(L^2\) function. To this end, a series of results yielding linear independence of affine systems in exchange for conditions on the shift-invariance of the adequate space of negative dilates is established. The main result states linear independence if the adequate space of negative dilates is either \(Z^n\)-shift-invariant, or lacks shift-invariance with respect to lattices sparser than \(Z^n\). In conclusion, linear independence of affine systems generated by Parseval wavelets is deduced. In addition, it is shown that such systems can be partitioned into two \(l^2\)-linearly independent subsets. As an illustration of the proposed method, a novel proof of Linnell's theorem on the linear independence of Gabor systems, not using von Neumann algebra techniques, is given for the one-dimensional case.