The Hermite-Hadamard inequality for log-convex functions (Q651139)

The Hermite-Hadamard inequality is strengthened for log-convex functions: If \(f\): Interval \(J\to(0,\infty)\) is continuous and \(\log f\) convex, \(\mu\) a positive Borel measure, then for every compact \(I= [a,b]\subset J\) \[ f(b_\mu)\leq A(f,\mu/\mu(I))\leq L\Biggl(f,{\mu\over\mu(I)}/\text{Ext}[a, b]\Biggr)\leq A(f,\text{disp}_A\mu),\tag{\(*\)} \] where arithmetic mean \(A(f,\lambda):= \int_I f\,d\lambda\), logarithmic mean \[ L\Biggl(f,{\mu\over\mu(I)}/[a,b]\Biggr):= \int^b_a e^{mx+n} d\mu/\mu(I) \] with \(y=mx+ n\) denoting the line through \((a,\log f(a))\) and \((b,\log f(b))\), measure \(\text{disp}_A\mu:=((b- b_\mu)\delta_a+ (b_\mu- a)\delta_b)/(b- a)\), \(b_\mu:=\) unique barycenter of \((\mu/\mu(I))|I\). Logarithmic convexity can also be characterized by the second \(\leq\) in \((*)\). Special case, for \(f\) as before \((*)\): \[ \begin{multlined} f\Biggl({a+b\over 2}\Biggr)\leq \int^b_a\log f(x)\,dx/(b- a)\leq \int^b_a f(x)\,dx/(b- a)\leq\\ (f(a)- f(b))/((\log f(a))- \log f(b))\leq (f(a)+ f(b))/2.\end{multlined} \] Similar results are obtained for discs or triangles in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). Also the analogue of the Hermite-Hadamard inequality for (GG)-convex functions \((f(\sqrt{xy})\leq \sqrt{f(xy)})\) is given.