Boundedness in a class of Duffing equations with oscillating potentials via the twist theorem (Q651957)

\textit{R. Dieckerhoff} and \textit{E. Zehnder} [Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa, Cl. Sci., IV. Ser. 14, No. 1, 79--95 (1987; Zbl 0656.34027)] proved the existence of quasi-periodic solutions and the boundedness of all solutions for the Duffing-type equation \[ \ddot{x}+x^{2n+1}+\sum_{j=0}^{2n}x^jp_j(t)=0, \] where the coefficients \(p_j(t)\) are sufficiently smooth and \(1\)-periodic in time \(t\). Their basic observation wass that the equation can be regarded as a perturbation of the integrable system \(\ddot{x}+x^{2n+1}=0\) in a neighborhood of infinity, provided that the coefficients are smooth enough. Therefore, Moser's twist theorem can be applied to the Poincaré map of the Duffing-type equation, obtaining a family of invariant curves around infinity. It follows the boundedness of all solutions and the existence of quasi-periodic solutions for the Duffing-type equation. The present paper proves, by the same method, the boundedness of all solutions and the existence of quasi-periodic solutions for \[ \ddot{x}+x^{2n+1}+\sum_{j=0}^{2n}x^jp_j(x,t)=0 \] where \(p_j\) are \(1\)-periodic in both time \(t\) and state \(x\).