Pullback attractors for globally modified Navier-Stokes equations with infinite delays (Q652206)

This paper studies the well-posedeness and asymptotic behaviour of a modified Navier-Stokes equation with infinite delays of the form \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\nu \, \Delta u + F_{N}(\| u\|) [ (u \cdot \nabla) u] + \nabla p = f(t) + g(t,u_{t}), \,\,\, \text{in} \,\,\, (\tau, + \infty) \times \Omega, \] where \(u\) is a divergence free velocity field, \(p\) is the pressure, \(\nu>0\) is a viscosity coefficient, \(f,g\) are external forcings, \(F_{N}(r)=\min(1,N/r)\), \(r \in [0,+\infty)\) and \(u_{t}\) denotes a delay term, defined by the relation \(u_{t}(s)=u(t+s)\), \(s \in (-\infty,0]\). The equation is complemented with Dirichlet boundary conditions and an ``initial condition'' of the form \[ u(\tau+s,x)=\phi(s,x), \,\,\, s \in (-\infty,0], \, x \in \Omega. \] The delay term models some hereditary characteristics. First, the authors provide results on the existence of solutions in the appropriate functional setting (taking into account the delay term) using a Galerkin expansion. Then, abstract results on the existence of minimal pullback attractors are recalled and are shown to be applicable to the model at hand, by explicitly proving the necessary estimates and properties for the process generated by the equation. The main result of the paper is a theorem showing the existence of minimal pullback attractors in two different settings (one related to fixed bounded sets and one related to a tempered condition) and the relationship between them.