Limit theorems for a supercritical branching process with immigration at zero in a random environment (Q6541308)

Consider a Galton-Watson process in random environment \(\xi\) with immigration at the origin, where \(\xi\) is given by a sequence of i.i.d. pairs \(\{f_n,h_n\}\) of probability measures on \(\mathbb Z_+\). The process is defined as follows. For each \(n \geq 1\), if \(Z_{n-1} = 0\), then \(Z_n\) is distributed according to \(h_n\) while if \(Z_{n-1} > 0\), \(Z_n\) is distributed as the sum of \(Z_{n-1}\) i.i.d. random variables of law \(f_n\).\N\NLet \(m_n = \sum j f_n(\{j\})\) be the mean number of children at generation \(n\). Under the assumption \(\mathbb{E} \log m_1 \in (0,\infty)\), under which the process is supercritical, the authors describe the asymptotic behaviour of the submartingale \(W_n = Z_n/\prod_{i=1}^{n} m_i\). Precisely, they obtain sufficient conditions on the law of \(\{f,h\}\) under which \(W_n\) converges almost surely in quenched or annealed settings, as well as for the \(L^1\) convergence of \(W_n\). Assuming that the reproduction law is linear fractional, harmonic moments of \(\lim W_n\) are also provided.