Szegő's theorem on Parreau-Widom sets (Q655374)

The author generalizes Szegő's Theorem for orthogonal polynomials on the real line to infinite gap sets of Parreau-Widom type. The generalization is obtained using the language of Jacobi matrices and orthogonal polynomials on the real line. To state the main result requires some notation. From two non-negative sequences of real numbers \(\{a_n\}\) and \(\{b_n\}\) one forms the matrix \(J\) that has diagonal given by the sequence \(\{b_n\}\) and super- and sub-diagonal given by \(\{a_n\}\). Namely, \(J_{k,k}=b_k\) and \(J_{k,k+1}=J_{k+1,k}=a_k\). Let \(E\subset \mathbb{R}\) be a compact set with positive logarithmic capacity, which will be denoted by \(\text{Cap}(E)\). Let \(g\) denote the Green's function corresponding to the domain \(\Omega=\overline{\mathbb{C}}\setminus E\) with pole at \(\infty\). A point \(x\in E\) is a regular point for \(\Omega\) if \[ \lim_{\Omega\ni x\to t} g(x)=0. \] A compact set \(E\subset\mathbb{R}\) of positive logarithmic capacity with every point of \(E\) being regular is a \textit{Parreau-Widom} set if \[ \sum_{j} g(c_j)<\infty \] where \(g\) is the Green's function for \(\Omega\) with pole at \(\infty\) and \(\{c_j\}\) are the critical points of \(g\). The author's main result is the following Theorem: Let \(J=\{a_n,b_n\}\) be a Jacobi matrix with spectral measure \(d\mu=f(t)dt+d\mu_s\) and let \(E\subset\mathbb{R}\) be a Parreau-Widom set. Assume that \(\sigma_{ess}(J)=E\) and denote by \(\{x_k\}\) the eigenvalues of \(J\) outside \(E\). If \[ \sum_k g(x_k)<\infty \] we have \[ \varlimsup_{n\to\infty}\frac{\prod_{j=1}^n a_j}{\text{Cap}(E)^n}>0\Longleftrightarrow \int_{E}\log f(t) d\mu_E(t)>-\infty. \]