Uniqueness of \(L\) functions with special class of meromorphic functions via sharing of pre-image sets (Q6562329)

In this paper under review, the authors investigate a question raised by \textit{H. H. Khoai} et al. [Ann. Pol. Math. 126, No. 3, 265--278 (2021; Zbl 1482.30087)]. More precisely, they determine the uniqueness of Selberg class \(L\)-functions when considered alongside an arbitrary meromorphic function \(f\). Their main result is as follows:\N\NLet \(\mathcal{L}\) be a non-constant Selberg \(L\)-function and \(f\) be a non-constant meromorphic function having finitely many poles. Also let consider the sets \(S_1=\{z, P(z)=0\}\), \(S_2=\{z, Q(z)=0\}\), where \(P(z) = az^n + bz^{n-m} + cz^{n-2m} + d\), with \((n, m) = 1\) and \(Q = k P + c_*\) for some constants \(k\neq 0\), \( c_* \in \mathbb{C}\), so that \(Q\) has all simple zeros. Now suppose \(f^{-1}(S_1) = \mathcal{L}^{-1}(S_2)\) and that\N\N\((1)\) \(\frac{b^2}{4ac}\neq \frac{n(n-2m)}{(n-m)^2}\), \(1\) with \(n > 4m + 7\),\N\N\((2)\) \(\frac{b^2}{4ac}= \frac{n(n-2m)}{(n-m)^2}\), \(1\) with \(n > 2m + 7\), then there exists a non-zero constant \(h\) such that \(f = h\mathcal{L}\); \(h^m = 1\) and \(h^n=\frac{kd}{kd+c_*}\). A similar formulation of the above result is stated when \(b^2=4ac\).\N\NAs consequence, it is shown that if \(f = \mathcal{L}_1\) and \(\mathcal{L} = \mathcal{L}_2\), where \(\mathcal{L}_1\) and \(\mathcal{L}_2\) are two non-constant \(L\)-functions in the Selberg class, then \(\mathcal{L}_1 = \mathcal{L}_2\).