Periodic points of solenoidal automorphisms in terms of adeles (Q6565880)

The paper is devoted to the study of the periodic points characterization of automorphisms of some solenoids, whose duals are subgroups of algebraic number fields. The authors use the theory of adèles for describing a solenoid at the periodic points of automorphisms. The article is third in the series of articles by the second author on the investigation of periodic points of solenoidal automorphisms. The previous two are [\textit{S. Gopal} and \textit{C. R. E. Raja}, Topol. Proc. 50, 49--57 (2017; Zbl 1368.37027); \textit{S. Gopal} and \textit{F. Imam}, Applied Gen. Topology, 22, No. 2, 321--330 (2021; Zbl 1508.37035)].\N\NIf \(X\) is a topological group and \(f\) is an automorphism of \(X\), then a point \(x\in X\) is said to be periodic with a period \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), if \(f^{n} (x) = x\), where \(f^{n} = f\circ f\circ\cdots\circ f\) (\(n\) times).\N\NA solenoid is defined as a compact connected finite-dimensional abelian group. Equivalently, an \(n\)-dimensional solenoid \(\Sigma\) is an abelian group whose Pontryagin dual \(\hat{\Sigma}\) is an additive subgroup of \(\mathbb{Q}^{n}\) and contains \(\mathbb{Z}^{n}\). A solenoid can also be described as an inverse limit. For an integer \(n>1\), let \(\kappa: \mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb{T}^{n}\) be the homomorphism defined as \[ \kappa ((x_{1}, x_{2}, \ldots, x_{n})) = (x_{1}(\mathrm{mod} \ 1), x_{2}(\mathrm{mod} \ 1),\ldots , x_{n}(\mathrm{mod} \ 1)), \] where \(\mathbb{T} = \mathbb{R} / \mathbb{Z}\) is the unit circle. Let \(\overline{M} = (M_{k})_{k=1}^{\infty} = (M_{1}, M_{2}, \ldots)\) be a sequence of \(n\times n\) matrices with integer entries and non-zero determinant. Then the \(n\)-dimensional solenoid \(\Sigma_{\overline{M}}\) is defined as \(\Sigma_{\overline{M}} = \{(\mathbf{x}_{k}) \in (\mathbb{T}^{n})^{\mathbb{N}_{0}}: \kappa (M_{k}\mathbf{x}_{k}) = \mathbf{x}_{k-1} \ \mathrm{for \ every} \ k\in\mathbb{N} \}\).\N\NThe first theorem of the paper describes a solenoid in terms of adeles and the second gives the set of periodic points of some automorphisms on it. These automorphisms of a solenoid are induced by matrices from \(\mathrm{GL}_{n} (\mathbb{Q})\) which also belong to \(\mathrm{GL}_{n} (p^{b} \mathbb{Z}_{p})\) for some particular primes \(p\) that depend on the given solenoid, where \(\mathbb{Z}_{p}\) is the compact ring of \(p\)-adic integers.