On the distribution of powered numbers (Q6595258)

Let \(k(m)\) denote the largest square-free divisor of the natural number \(m\), and \(S_{\vartheta}(x)=\#\{n\leq x : k(n)\le n^{\vartheta}\}\). Further, define the function \(F:[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)\) by\N\[\NF(v)=\frac{6}{\pi^2}\sum_{m\geq 1}\prod_{p \mid m}(p+1)^{-1}\min\Big(1,\frac{e^v}{m}\Big),\N\]\Nand for \(0<\vartheta<1\) and \(x\geq 2\) let \(\alpha=\alpha_{\vartheta}(x)>0\) be the unique real number \(\alpha\) satisfying\N\[\N\sum_{p}\frac{p^{\alpha}\log p}{(p^{\alpha}-1)\big(1+ (p+1)(p^{\alpha}-1) \big)} =(1-\vartheta)\log x.\N\]\NIn the paper under review, the authors prove that for \(0<\vartheta<1\), when \(x\geq 9\) one has\N\[\NS_{\vartheta}(x)= x^{\vartheta} F\big( (1-\vartheta)\log x\big)\frac{\alpha_{\vartheta}(x)}{\vartheta}\left(1+O\left( \sqrt{\frac{\log\log x}{\log x}}\right)\right),\N\]\Nand when \(x\geq 27\),\N\[\NS_{\vartheta}(x)= x^{\vartheta}\frac{\sqrt{2} F\big( (1-\vartheta)\log x\big)}{\vartheta\sqrt{(1-\vartheta)(\log x)(\log\log x)}}\left(1+O\left(\frac{\log\log\log x}{\log\log x}\right)\right).\N\]\NAlso, motivated by comparing the respective behaviour of \(S_{\vartheta}(zx)\) and \(S_{\vartheta}(x)\) uniformly for large \(x\), when \(z\) is in some sense sufficiently close to \(1\), they show that for \(0<\vartheta<1\) and for \(x\) large, the following estimate holds uniformly for \(z>0\) with \(|\log z|\ll \log\log x\),\N\[\NS_{\vartheta}(zx)=z^{\vartheta}S_{\vartheta}(x)\left(1+ O\left( \sqrt{\frac{\log\log x}{\log x}} \right)\right).\N\]\NFinally, letting \(S_{\vartheta,\Theta}(x)=\#\{n\leq x : k(n)\le n^{\vartheta}(\log n)^{\Theta}\}\) for \(\vartheta\in(0,1)\) and \(\Theta\in\mathbb{R}\), the authors show that\N\[\NS_{\vartheta,\Theta}(x)=(\log x)^\Theta S_{\vartheta}(x)\left(1+ O\left( \sqrt{\frac{\log\log x}{\log x}} \right)\right).\N\]