Direct constructions of hyperplanes of dual polar spaces arising from embeddings (Q659585)

A full (projective) embedding of a dual polar space \(\Delta\) is an injective mapping \(e\) from the point set \(P\) of \(\Delta\) to the point-set of a projective space \(\Sigma\) satisfying that (i) \(\langle e(P)\rangle_{\Sigma}=\Sigma\) and (ii) \(e(L)\) is a line of \(\Sigma\) for every line \(L\) from \(\Delta\). For every hyperplane \(\alpha\) of \(\Sigma\), the set \(e^{-1}\bigl(e(P)\cap\alpha\bigr)\) is a hyperplane of \(\Delta\). One says that the hyperplane \(e^{-1}\bigl(e(P)\cap\alpha\bigr)\) arises from the embedding \(e\). The set of all hyperplanes of \(\Delta\) arising from \(e\) is denoted by \({\mathcal H}_e\). The author gives a method of constructing \({\mathcal H}_e\) for the subsequent four cases of finite dual polar spaces \(\Delta\) of rank \(n\geq\,2\): (I) the Grassmann-embedding of the symplectic dual polar space \(\Delta\cong DW(2n-1,q)\) (cf. [\textit{B. N. Cooperstein}, J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 83, No.~2, 221--232 (1998; Zbl 0914.51002); the author, Linear Algebra Appl. 426, No.~2--3, 462--477 (2007; Zbl 1122.51003)]); (II) the Grassmann-embedding of the Hermitian dual polar space \(\Delta\cong DH(2n-1,q^2)\) (cf. [\textit{B. N. Cooperstein}, Eur. J. Comb. 18, No.~8, 849--856 (1997; Zbl 0889.51009); the author, Linear Multilinear Algebra 56, No.~6, 665--677 (2008; Zbl 1155.51001)]); (III) the spin-embedding of the orthogonal dual polar space \(\Delta\cong DQ(2n,q)\) (cf. [\textit{C. Chevalley}, The algebraic theory of spinors. New York: Columbia University Press (1954; Zbl 0057.25901); \textit{F. Buekenhout} and \textit{P. Cameron}, in: F. Buekenhout (ed.), Handbook of incidence geometry: buildings and foundations. Amsterdam: North-Holland. 27--62 (1995; Zbl 0822.51001)]); (VI) the spin-embedding of the orthogonal dual polar space \(\Delta\cong DQ^{-}(2n+1,q)\); (cf. [\textit{B. N. Cooperstein} and \textit{E. E. Shult}, Adv. Geom. 1, No.~1, 37--48 (2001; Zbl 0985.51003)]). The exhibited method of construction works without implementing the embedding \(e\) and uses the connected components of a special graph; all four cases are given a unified treatment. The author discusses (possible) applications of this method of construction.