Levi-flat real hypersurfaces in nonflat complex planes (Q6596127)

The authors consider real hypersurfaces $M \subset \bar M$, where $\bar M$ is either\Nthe complex projective plane $\mathbb{CP}_2$, or\Nthe complex hyperbolic space $\mathbb{CH}_n$.\N\NIt is well known that there does not exist any smooth and closed Levi-flat (i.e., its Levi-form vanishes) real hypersurface in $\mathbb{CP}_n$ for $n > 2$.\N\NDefinition: A real hypersurface is said to be Hopf when its structure vector field $\xi$ is principal at every point.\N\NNow consider the distribution \N\[\N\mathcal H:=\mathrm{span}\{\xi, A \xi, A^2\xi,...\},\N\]\Ndefined on a real hypersurface, where $A$ denotes the shape operator of the real hypersurface.\N\NDefinition: A real hypersurface is called weakly \(2\)-Hopf if $\mathcal H$ is of rank \(2\) at every point.\N\NThen the main result of this paper is\N\NTheorem 1.1. Let $M$ be a non-ruled weakly 2-Hopf real hypersurface in $\bar M$ such that the mean curvature of $M$ is invariant along the Reeb flow. Then $M$ is Levi-flat if and only if the shape operator $A$ of \(M\) is of a special type.\N\NAs a corollary, the authors exhibit a class of non-ruled Levi-flat real hypersurface of real dimension \(3\), with non constant mean curvature.