Resonances for periodic Jacobi operators with finitely supported perturbations (Q663674)

The authors study spectral properties of the Jacobi operator \(H=H_0 + V\), where \(H_0\) is a \(q\)-periodic operator and \(V\) is a finitely supported perturbation. The background operator \(H_0\) is naturally associated with a hyperelliptic Riemann surface \(\Gamma\) and a set of poles \(\mu_k\in\Gamma\), \(k=1,\dots,q\), of its Baker-Akhiezer function. Since the perturbation \(V\) is finite-dimensional, the Wronskian \(w(\lambda)\) of the Jost solutions for the equation \(H y=\lambda y\) is a meromorphic function on \(\Gamma\). Moreover, the function \(\hat w(\lambda)=\prod_k (\lambda - \mu_k)w(\lambda)\) is analytic on \(\Gamma\) and all its zeros are real-valued. In the paper under review, these zeros are divided in three parts: bounded states (eigenvalues), located on the upper sheet, unbounded states (resonances), located on the lower sheet, both with projections in the open gaps, and virtual states, located on the edges of \(\sigma\). The authors compute the total number of states; they prove that their number is even in each gap considered as a circle on the Riemann surface and show that an eigenvalue and a resonance cannot have the same projection on the complex plane. In the case of a small diagonal perturbation \(H=H_0 + tV\), \(t\to 0\), they also determine asymptotics of resonances.