Analogue of Ramanujan's function \(k(\tau)\) for the continued fraction \(X(\tau)\) of order six (Q6640981)

Let \(r(\tau)\) be the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction and \(C(\tau)\) be the Ramanujan's cubic continued fraction. It has been proved that the functions \(r(\tau)r(2\tau)^2\) and \(C(\tau)C(2\tau)\) are modular functions. For each of them, the arithmetic properties such as the modular equations and the values at imaginary quadratic points have been studied. Let \(\eta(\tau)\) be the Dedekind eta function and \(q=e^{2\pi i \tau}\). Let us consider the continued fraction \N\[\NX(\tau)=\frac{q^{1/4}(1-q^2)}{1-q^{3/2}+}\frac{(1-q^{1/2})(1-q^{7/2})}{q^{1/2}(1-q^{3/2})(1+q^3)+\cdots} \N=q^{1/4}\prod_{n=1}^\infty\frac{(1-q^{6n-1})(1-q^{6n-5})}{ (1-q^{6n-2})(1-q^{6n-4})}=\frac{\eta(\tau)\eta^2(6\tau)}{\eta^2(2\tau)\eta(3\tau)}. \N\]\NThe authors show comparable results for \(X(\tau)\). Let \(w(\tau)=X(\tau)X(3\tau)\) and \(u(\tau)=\eta(3\tau)\eta^3(18\tau)/\eta(6\tau)\eta^3(9\tau)\). They prove that \(w(\tau)\) and \(u(\tau)\) both generate the field of the modular function field \(A_0(18)\) of genus \(0\) of the modular group \(\Gamma_0(18)\) and the relation \(w=u/(1+u)\), and give the procedure to compute modular equations of level \(n\in Z_{>0}\) for each \(u\) and \(w\). Further they describe some arithmetic properties of the modular equations for \(u\) of prime level \(p\) with \((p,6)=1\) including Kronecker congruence relation. By computing the equation between \(u\) and the modular invariant function \(j\), they prove that \(1/w\) is integral over \(\mathbb Z[j]\) and that \(1/w(\tau)\) is an algebraic integer for imaginary quadratic points \(\tau\). Let \(K\) be an imaginary quadratic field with discriminant \(d_K\). Let \(\tau\) be a root with positive imaginary part of a primitive equation \(aX^2+bX+c=0\) of discriminant \(d_K\) with integral coefficients. The authors show that if \((a,6)=1\), then \(K(w(\tau/3))\) is the ray class field modulo \(6\) over \(K\). For \(d|18\), \(j(d\tau)\in A_0(18)\) and they give the formula for \(j(d\tau)\) in terms of \(u\).