On partial endomorphisms of a star graph (Q6655481)

Let \(\mathcal{PT}(\Omega)\), \(\mathcal{I}(\Omega)\) and \(\mathcal{S}(\Omega)\) denote the partial transformation monoid, the symmetric inverse monoid and the symmetric group on a finite set \(\Omega\), respectively. For a simple graph \(G=(\Omega,E)\), a partial transformation \(\alpha\) on \(\Omega\) is called\N\begin{itemize}\N\item a \textit{partial endomorphism} of \(G\) if \(\{u,v\}\in E\) implies \(\{u\alpha,v\alpha \}\in E\),\N\item a \textit{partial weak endomorphism} of \(G\) if \(\{u,v\}\in E\) and \(u\alpha \neq v\alpha\) implies \(\{u\alpha,v\alpha \}\in E\),\N\item a \textit{partial strong endomorphism} of \(G\) if \(\{u,v\}\in E\) if and only if \(\{u\alpha,v\alpha \}\in E\),\N\item a \textit{partial weak strong endomorphism} of \(G\) if \(\{u,v\}\in E\) and \(u\alpha \neq v\alpha\) if and only if \(\{u\alpha,v\alpha \}\in E\)\N\end{itemize}\Nfor all \(u,v\in \mathrm{Dom}(\alpha)\), and \(\alpha\) is called a \textit{partial automorphism} of \(G\) if \(\alpha\) is an injective mapping and both \(\alpha\) and \(\alpha^{-1}\) are partial (strong) endomorphisms. Moreover, the submonoids of \(\mathcal{PT}(\Omega)\) consisting of all \textit{partial/injective partial/partial weak/partial strong/partial strong weak} endomorphisms and \textit{partial} automorphisms of \(G\) are denoted by \(\mathrm{PEnd}(G)\), \(\mathrm{IEnd(G)}\), \(\mathrm{PwEnd(G)}\), \(\mathrm{PsEnd(G)}\), \(\mathrm{PswEnd(G)}\) and \(\mathrm{PAut}(G)\), respectively.\N\NFor any \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), let \(\Omega_{n}^{0}=\{0,1,\ldots ,n\}\), and let \(S_{n}\) denote the \textit{star graph} which is a graph whose vertex set is \(\Omega_{n-1}^{0}\) and whose edge set is \(\{ \{0, i\} : 1\leq i\leq n-1\}\). In the first section of the paper, the cardinalities are determined as follows: \begin{eqnarray*} \lvert \mathrm{PEnd}(S_{n}) \rvert &=& 2(n+1)^{n-1}+(n-1)3^{n-1},\\\N\lvert \mathrm{PwEnd}(S_{n}) \rvert &=& (n+1)^{n-1}+n^{n-1}+(n-1)2^{n-1},\\\N\lvert \mathrm{PsEnd}(S_{n}) \rvert &=& 2n^{n-1}+n2^{n-1}-1,\\\N\lvert \mathrm{PswEnd}(S_{n}) \rvert &=& 2n^{n-1}+n2^{n}-n-1,\\\N\lvert \mathrm{IEnd}(S_{n}) \rvert &=& 3+3n^{2}-4n +\sum_{k=2}^{n-1}\left(\binom{n}{k}+\binom{n-1}{k}\right) \binom{n-1}{k}k! \mbox{ and}\\\N\lvert \mathrm{PAut}(S_{n}) \rvert &=& 1+n^{2}+2\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}\binom{n-1}{k}^{2} k!. \end{eqnarray*} Let \(\mathcal{M} \in \{ \mathrm{PEnd}(S_{n}), \mathrm{PwEnd}(S_{n}), \mathrm{PsEnd}(S_{n}), \mathrm{PswEnd}(S_{n}), \mathrm{IEnd}(S_{n})\}\). In the second section, for any \(\alpha \in \mathcal{M}\), it is shown that \(\alpha\) is regular if and only if \(0\in \mathrm{dom}(\alpha)\) or \(\mathrm{im}(\alpha) =\{0\}\) or \(0\notin \mathrm{im}(\alpha)\). Moreover, some necessary and sufficient conditions for any \(\alpha, \beta \in \mathcal{M}\) to be Green's \(\mathcal{J}\)-related are given. Also Green's \(\mathcal{L}\)-relation and \(\mathcal{R}\)-relation are considered for the monoids \(\mathrm{PEnd}(S_{n})\), \(\mathrm{PwEnd}(S_{n})\), and \(\mathrm{IEnd}(S_{n})\). In the third section, it is shown that the ranks, the minimum size of all generating sets, of \(\mathrm{PsEnd}(S_{n})\), \(\mathrm{PswEnd}(S_{n})\), \(\mathrm{PEnd}(S_{n})\), \(\mathrm{PwEnd}(S_{n})\), \(\mathrm{IEnd}(S_{n})\) and \(\mathrm{PAut}(S_{n})\) are \(6\), \(7\), \(7\), \(7\), \(6\) and \(5\), respectively.