normal interaction force equation between two particles (Q6674527)

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defining equation of force component acting normally at the contact interface between two particles

Language	Label	Description	Also known as
default for all languages	No label defined
English	normal interaction force equation between two particles	defining equation of force component acting normally at the contact interface between two particles

Statements

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D_{N}

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E_{N}

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𝑭_{i j}^{N}

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𝒗_{i} \in ℝ^{3}

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r_{i j}

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𝒏_{i j} \in ℝ^{3}

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𝒙_{i} \in ℝ^{3}

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k_{i j}^{N}

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m_{i}

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\begin{matrix} 𝑭_{i j}^{N} & = (k_{i j}^{N} δ_{i j} + d_{i j}^{N} {\dot{δ}}_{i j}) 𝒏_{i j} \\ δ_{i j} & = ⟨ 𝒙_{i} - 𝒙_{j}, 𝒏_{i j} ⟩ \\ {\dot{δ}}_{i j} & = ⟨ 𝒗_{i} - 𝒗_{j}, 𝒏_{i j} ⟩ \\ r_{i j} & = (r_{i} + r_{j}) / 2 \\ k_{i j}^{N} & = E_{N} π r_{i j} / 2 \\ d_{i j}^{N} & = D_{N} 2 \sqrt{k_{i j}^{N} m_{i j}} \\ m_{i j} & = \frac{m_{i} m_{j}}{m_{i} + m_{j}} \\ 𝒏_{i j} & = \frac{𝒙_{i} - 𝒙_{j}}{‖ 𝒙_{i} - 𝒙_{j} ‖} \end{matrix}

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