Soil bulk density [10x kg/m3] for continental Europe at 30 m spatial resolution for period 2000-2020: Open Soil Data Cube for Europe (Q6689055)

Predictions are based on the 3D Ensemble Machine Learning framework, as implemented in the R environment for statistical computing (Hengl MacMillan, 2019; Hengl, et al., 2021). For each pixel we provide prediction errors as 1 standard deviation in either log or the original variable scale. The short description of currently available soil properties: db_od = bulk density over dry [kg/m3 ⨉ 10]; Soil properties were predicted at fixed depths: Surface soil = s0..0cm, Subsoil 1 = s30..30cm, Subsoil 2 = s60..60cm, Subsoil 3 = s100..100cm. To produce estimates for depth intervals e.g. 030 cm, 0100 cm best use the trapezoidal rule formula. Periods: 2000 (20002003), 2004 (20042007), 2008 (20082011), 2012 (20122015), 2016 (20162019), 2020; The bulk density maps are also provided in 10 kg / m-cubic to reduce total data size; to convert values to kg / m-cubic multiply by 10 e.g. 120 = 1200 kg / m-cubic = 1.2 t / m-cubic.