Symplectic biextensions and a generalization of the Fourier-Mukai transform (Q676125)

Let \(\widehat A\) denote the dual of an abelian variety \(A\) over an algebraically closed field \(k\). Mukai's Fourier transform is an equivalence between the derived categories of coherent sheaves \({\mathcal D}^b(A)\) and \({\mathcal D}^b (\widehat A)\). Let \({\mathcal P}\) denote the Poincaré bundle on the product \(X:= A\times \widehat A\). The line bundle \(L_A: =p^*_{2,3} {\mathcal P}^{-1} \otimes p^*_{1,4} {\mathcal P}\) on \(X^2\) is ``symplectic'' such that \(A^2\) and \(\widehat A^2\) are ``lagrangian'' with respect to \(L_A\). In this paper an analogous equivalence of derived categories for arbitrary lagrangian subvarieties with respect to a symplectic biextension \(L\) on the selfproduct \(X^2\) of an abelian variety \(X\) is established. A symplectic biextension is a line bundle on \(X^2\) with properties similar to \(L_A\). The construction is based on an analogy with the classical theory of representations of the Heisenberg group of a symplectic vector space. A consequence is the ``if'' part of the following conjecture: The derived categories of coherent sheaves on the abelian varieties \(A\) and \(A'\) are equivalent if and only if there is an isomorphism \(f:\widehat A\times A\to\widehat A' \times A'\) such that \((f\times f)^* L_{A'} \simeq L_A\).