Fluid vortices (Q677411)

The book represents a very broad topic of fluid mechanics and cumulative efforts of numerous people. A mathematical and physical description of vorticity is presented in the first chapter entitled ``Introduction to vorticity''. Mixed layer vortices are considered from a numerical simulation point of view in chapter 2 ``Mixed layer vorticity'', in order to see which numerical approaches are associated with various vortex configurations found experimentally. The full field simulations and experimental studies discussed in the third chapter ``Vorticity in jets'' provide an immense amount of information about jet flows. Chapter 4 ``Vortex rings'' is meant to serve as an introduction to this area of study. In an attempt describing the vortex dynamics in both unseparated and separated wakes for different shapes, an overview of the vortex dynamics phenomena in the wake of circular cylinder, over a wide range of Reynolds numbers, is presented in the fifth chapter entitled ``Vortex dynamics in the wake of cylinder''. In the sixth chapter, which is entitled ``Turbulent wall-layer vortices'', the fundamental processes that occur in turbulent flows near solid walls are discussed, and it is argued that the basic flow module within the turbulence is the asymmetric hairpin vortex. In the seventh chapter ``Compressible vortices'', the reader can find the physical interpretation of governing equations, including compressibility effects, followed by examples of vortex behavior in high-speed gas dynamics. Chapter 8 ``Vortex stability'' begins with a mathematical formulation of vortex stability problems, discusses particular aspects of vortex stability research, and concludes with a comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental results. The major aim of chapter nine entitled ``Breakdown of slender vortices'' is to review the latest developments in vortex breakdown research including both experimental and numerical results. Chapter 10 ``Wing tip vortices'' explains the origin of tip vortices, reviews their technological relevance, summarizes lifting line theory, and synopsizes the knowledge of tip vortex behavior. Examples of vortex motions encountered in different aero-propulsion systems and turbomachines are presented in chapter eleven ``Vortices in aero-propulsion systems''. The twelfth chapter ``Vortex-structure interaction'' deals with structures that generate thin, unsteady separated boundary layers in flows at Reynolds numbers above 50. An overview of some aspects of the modern mathematical theory of isolated ocean eddies is given in the thirteenth chapter entitled ``Modelling of solitary oceanographic vortices''. Chapter 14 ``Atmospheric vortices''presents an overview of different vortical structures ranging from small-scale turbulent features to large tropical cyclones. The goal of the fifteenth chapter ``Three-dimensional vortex dynamics simulation'' is to provide an introduction to three-dimensional vortex methods for flows of constant density. The sixteenth chapter, which is entitled ``Vortex interaction with a free surface'', is an academic discourse on vorticity interaction with a free surface from a mathematical perspective, with appropriate physical interpretation. An overview of cavitating vortices from eddies that are randomly distributed in space and time in turbulent flows to well-defined and relatively stable vortices found on propeller tips is given in the seventeenth chapter ``Vortex cavitation''. Chapter 18 ``Bubble interactin with vortices'' formulates the problem, presents some explanations and methods for solution, and provides some preliminary results in the area. Finally, the nineteenth chapter entitled ``Particle interaction with vortices'' deals with effects of vortical flows on particle dispersion. The book has an overall structure. The first five chapters comprise fundamental studies in single phase flow vortices. The following six chapters form a group for which the underlying theme is applications -- industrial, environmental, and computational -- involving vortices. The whole is completed by four chapters on vortices in multiphase flows.