Weak solutions of quasilinear parabolic equations with initial measure data (Q677857)

The author studies existence of weak solutions to a heat equation with some quasilinear term \(j(x,t,\nabla u)\) with an arbitrary growth in \(\nabla u\) and measure initial data. The function \(j\) is supposed to satisfy Carathéodory conditions, it is nonnegative and convex in the last variable, \(j(.,.,r)\in L^1(Q_T)\) for all \(r\in\mathbb{R}^N\) and \(j(t,x,0)= \min\{j(t,x,r); r\in\mathbb{R}^N\}=0\). Here \(\Omega\) is a bounded smooth domain in \(\mathbb{R}^N\), \(Q_T= ]0,T[\times\Omega\). For \(\lambda\in \mathbb{R}\), \(f\in M^+_b(\Omega)= \{f\), \(f\) is a bounded nonnegative Radon measure on \(\Omega\}\) the initial-boundary value problem \[ u\in C(]0,T]; L^1(\Omega))\cap L^1(0,T; W^{1,1}_0(\Omega)),\;j(t,x,\nabla u)\in L^1(Q_T), \] \[ {\partial u\over\partial t}-\Delta u=j(t,x,\nabla u)\quad\text{in }D'(Q_T),\tag{1} \] \[ u(0)=\lambda f\quad\text{in }M_b(\Omega) \] is considered. The first result states that if \(j\) is superquadratic at infinity, \(T\) is positive, finite, and \(f\neq 0\) then there is a \(\lambda^*\) such that the problem (1) has no solutions for \(\lambda>\lambda^*\). Moreover, the author gives a necessary condition for the existence: Suppose \(p>1\), \(c_0>0\) so that for a.a. \((t,x)\in Q_T\), \(\forall r\in\mathbb{R}^N\) the inequality \(j(t,x,r)\geq c_0|r|^p\) holds, and (1) admits a solution for a \(\lambda>0\). If, further, (i) \(p>2\) then \(f\in L^1(\Omega)\); (ii) \(p\in\left[{N+2\over N+1},2\right]\), \({1\over p}+{1\over q}= 1\), \(s=1-{2\over q}\) and \(K\) is a subset of \(\Omega\) of \(W^{s,q}\) capacity zero, then \(f(K)=0\). On the other hand, if there is a \(p\in\left[1,{N+2\over N+1}\right]\) and there exist \(c_1>0\), \(c_2\in L^1(Q_T)\) such that for a.a. \((t,x)\in Q_T\), \(\forall r\in\mathbb{R}^N\), \(|j(t,x,r)|\leq c_1|r|^p+ c_2(t,x)\) then the problem (1) admits a solution for every \(\lambda\in\mathbb{R}\), \(T>0\) and any bounded Radon measure \(f\). The author proves also a comparison principle which implies uniqueness of regular solutions or uniqueness of weak solutions for sufficiently small \(p\).