Semilinear Duffing equations crossing resonance points (Q678036)

Consider the Duffing equation \[ \ddot x+g(x)= p(t),\tag{\(*\)} \] where \(g,p\in C(\mathbb{R})\), \(q(0)=0\), \(p\) is \(2\pi\)-periodic, \(g\) is Lipschitzian and there exist two constants \(A_0>0\) and \(M_0>0\) such that \(x^{-1}g(x)\geq A_0\) for \(|x|> M_0\). Let \(\tau(c)\) denotes the least positive period of the orbit \({1\over 2} y^2+ \int^x_0 g(u)du=c\), \(c>0\), of the system \(\dot x=y\), \(\dot y=-g(x)\). If there exists an integer \(m>0\) such that \[ \limsup_{c\to\infty} \sqrt c\Biggl(\tau(c)- {2\pi\over m}\Biggr)=+ \infty \] and \[ \liminf_{c\to\infty} \sqrt c\Biggl(\tau(c)- {2\pi\over m}\Biggr)=-\infty, \] then the equation \((*)\) has infinitely many harmonic solutions. Moreover, if for any positive integer \(\tau(c)\neq{2\pi\over m}+ 0(c^{-{1\over 2}})\) as \(c\to\infty\), then \((*)\) has at least one \(2\pi\)-period solution. An illustrative example is included.