Sector theory and automorphisms for factor-subfactor pairs (Q678786)

The purpose of the present article is to obtain further applications of the sector technique to the study of automorphisms for pairs. The first two sections \S 2 and \S 3 are preliminaries on sectors and strongly outer automorphisms, respectively. In \S 4 we will determine when extended modular automorphisms in the sense of Connes-Takesaki appear in \(\bigsqcup_k(\rho\overline\rho)^k\). Note that for factors of type \(\text{III}_\lambda\) \((\lambda\neq 0)\) an extended modular automorphism simply means a modular automorphism and that the containment of such an automorphism in \(\bigsqcup_k(\rho\overline\rho)^k\) is very important for analysis on subfactors. In \S 5 we consider strongly free automorphisms (for pairs) in the sense of Winsløw. The strong freeness means that a similar property to the strong outerness is required at the level of the von Neumann algebras of type \(\text{II}_\infty\) (appearing in the structure analysis for factors of type III). This algebraic property is important when one deals with automorphisms for pairs in the type III setting.\dots We show that the strong freeness is stronger than the above strong outerness. Therefore, it is plain to see that the composition of an extended modular automorphism and a non-strongly outer automorphism is non-strongly free. In \S 6 we prove the converse in type \(\text{III}_\lambda\) \((\lambda\neq 0)\) case. Therefore, in this case, an automorphism is non-strongly free exactly when it is the composition of a modular automorphism and a non-strongly outer automorphism. This result may be considered as a ``subfactor version'' of [\textit{U. Haagerup} and \textit{E. Størmer}, J. Funct. Anal. 92, No. 1, 177-201 (1990; Zbl 0751.46037)].