Finite models of sketches (Q678828)

A quadruple \(\mathcal S=(\mathcal A,L,C,\sigma)\) is called a sketch if \(\mathcal A\) is a small category, \(L\) is a set of limit diagrams in \(\mathcal A\), \(C\) is a set of colimit diagrams in \(\mathcal A\), and \(\sigma\) is a mapping assigning to every diagram in \(L\) (or in \(C\)) a cone (or a cocone). A model of \(\mathcal S\) in the category \({\mathcal S}et_{fin}\) of all finite sets and mappings between them is a functor \(F:\mathcal A\to{\mathcal S}et_{fin}\) such that \(\sigma(D)\) is a limit (or a colimit) of \(FD\) for all diagrams \(D\) in \(L\) (or in \(C\), respectively). Let \({\mathcal M}od(\mathcal S,{\mathcal S}et_{fin})\) be the category of all models and natural transformations between them. A sketch \(\mathcal S\) is called coherent if every diagram in \(L\) and in \(C\) is finite and every colimit diagram is either discrete or an epi-specification. If all diagrams in \(L\) are finite then we say that \(\mathcal S\) is geometric. Two sketches \(\mathcal S\) and \(\mathcal S'\) are equivalent if \({\mathcal M}od(\mathcal S,{\mathcal S}et_{ fin})\) and \({\mathcal M}od(\mathcal S',{\mathcal S}et_{fin})\) are isomorphic. For every sketch with countable limit and colimit specifications there exists an equivalent coherent sketch. If there exists no measurable cardinal then for every geometric sketch there exists an equivalent coherent sketch.