On the Lefschetz zeta function and the minimal sets of Lefschetz periods for Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms on products of \(\ell\)-spheres (Q684013)

The theory of dynamical systems has been studied for decades and continues to be developed. It helps us, for instance, to clarify the asymptotic behavior of real world events, which can be described either by maps or semiflows (or more generally evolution processes). Hence, when dealing with long-time behavior of maps, the study of the {invariants} is crucial, and among these invariants are periodic orbits. In many applications, the knowledge of periodic orbits and their behavior can help to understand the global asymptotic behavior of maps. An important result that concerns the existence of periodic points of self-maps on compact manifolds is the {Lefschetz fixed point theorem} and its generalizations. This paper deals with the compact manifold \(X =\mathbb{S}^\ell \times \cdots \times \mathbb{S}^\ell\), with \(\ell > 1\), the Cartesian product of \(n\) spheres of the same dimension. One of the main results is an explicit formula for the Lefschetz zeta function of quasi-unipotent self-maps on \(X\), which in particular include Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms in \(X\). It is shown that the algebraic degree of the Lefschetz zeta function is zero when \(\ell\) is odd and \((-2)^n\) when \(\ell\) is even. The authors also compute the minimal set of Lefschetz periods for Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms in \(X\).